Spain: More university reforms needed

Incentives and pharmaceutical reimbursement reforms in Spain.

The aim of this paper is to assess whether cost containment has been affected by recent pharmaceutical reimbursement reforms that have been introduced in the Spanish health care system over the period 1996-2002, under the conservative Popular Party Government. Four main reimbursement policies can be observed in the Spanish pharmaceutical market after 1996, each of them largely unintegrated with...

Government's Role in Pakistan Agriculture: Major Reforms are Needed

Education in psychiatry: wider reforms needed--a reply.

children ≤18 years. Children constitute a vulnerable group in society and a systematic approach is required to reduce the burden of childhood sexual abuse and the accompanying physical and emotional sequelae. Overall, strangers were most commonly identified as the perpetrator of sexual abuse in our study. It is possible that a pre-existing relationship with the assailant influences a victim’s l...

Policy Reforms Affecting Agricultural Incentives: Much Achieved, Much Still Needed

For decades, earnings from farming in many developing countries have been depressed by a pro-urban bias in own-country policies, as well as by governments of richer countries favoring their farmers with import barriers and subsidies. Both sets of policies reduce national and global economic welfare and inhibit agricultural trade and economic growth. They almost certainly add to inequality and p...

A Narrative Review of Norovirus Gastroenteritis: More Global Attention Is Needed

Noroviruses (NoVs), an important pathogenic agent of foodborne illness, lead to acute and chronic gastroenteritis in humans of all ages and to travelers’ diarrhea. Many genotypes exist in nature; GII.4 is widely known as the most predominant. Outbreaks mostly occur in semi-closed settings. Although the disease is self-limited to person, many cases have resulted in death, which has raised more c...